Diabetes Drug Impacts Kidney Volume in ADPKD Trial

A new study found changes in kidney volume for adults with ADPKD taking empagliflozin, prompting a need for further clinical review.

Updated on Oct. 29, 2026 in Diabetes

Diabetes Drug Impacts Kidney Volume in ADPKD Trial

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A 12-month clinical trial found that empagliflozin, a drug commonly used for diabetes, led to an unexpected increase in kidney volume for adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). While the study provides new insight into the drug's effects, researchers are still determining the clinical implications for this patient population.

Why it matters

Understanding how SGLT2 inhibitors like empagliflozin impact kidney structures is critical for adults managing ADPKD, as doctors look for new treatment options to preserve function. This study highlights the need for caution, as the observed changes in kidney volume require further investigation to see if they reflect improved or worsened disease progression.

This randomized trial followed 50 adults with ADPKD over 12 months. Results showed a significantly higher increase in kidney volume for those on empagliflozin versus placebo, though the long-term clinical impact of this finding remains unknown.

The details

Empagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor that primarily works by causing the kidneys to excrete more glucose through urine, a process often used to manage blood sugar in diabetes. In this study, researchers evaluated the drug's effect on ADPKD by monitoring changes in height-adjusted total kidney volume using imaging. Participants also showed an acute dip in eGFR of 6.2 mL/min/1.73 m² at the one-month mark, a common initial effect of this drug class as it alters how the kidneys filter blood.

The clinical trial spanned a duration of 12 months.
A German trial is expected to report results in March 2027.

Health Landscape

SGLT2 inhibitors have transformed the treatment of diabetes and chronic kidney disease by reducing systemic stress and improving outcomes. This study marks a new effort to evaluate the potential of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy within the specific, complex pathology of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

If you are currently managing ADPKD, discuss the latest clinical findings on kidney volume with your nephrologist to understand if current research changes your care plan. Because these results are preliminary, avoid making any changes to your medication or treatment regimen without direct medical guidance.

The takeaway

This trial shows that empagliflozin may have complex effects on kidney structures in those with ADPKD. Talk to your doctor about tracking your kidney function regularly and ask how new clinical research might eventually inform your personal treatment strategy.