Sex-Based Differences Identified in Genetic Hearing Loss
Researchers discovered that female mice lacking a specific protein experienced earlier hearing loss than males.
Updated on Oct. 14, 2026 in Women’s Health
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Scientists have uncovered a genetic basis for sex-based differences in hearing loss involving the Slc16a5 gene. By studying knockout mice, the research team found that the loss of the Mct6 protein led to distinct auditory outcomes between female and male subjects.
Why it matters
Understanding the mechanisms behind sex-based hearing differences may eventually lead to new approaches for preventing sensory hair cell damage. Because sensory hair cells in the inner ear do not naturally regenerate, identifying these genetic markers is a critical step for future therapeutic development.
In a preclinical study using mice with the Slc16a5 gene deactivated, researchers observed that females lacking the Mct6 protein experienced hearing loss by 6 weeks of age, while males maintained function through 12 weeks. Transcriptomic profiling suggested these differences are linked to estrogen-responsive genes.
The players
University at Buffalo
A research institution that collaborated on the identification of genetic factors in auditory decline.
The details
The study focused on the Slc16a5 gene, which encodes the monocarboxylate transporter 6 (Mct6) protein, essential for cochlear cell metabolism. By tracking how metabolites moved within the inner ear, researchers discovered that when Mct6 is absent, the expression of estrogen-responsive genes changes significantly. This molecular shift appears to protect male auditory function while leaving female sensory hair cells vulnerable to early-onset decline.
Timeline
At 6 weeks of age, female mice lacking Mct6 showed early-onset hearing loss.
At 12 weeks of age, male mice without Mct6 maintained auditory function.
Health Landscape
This study conducted at the Inner Ear Research Lab marks a shift toward identifying molecular targets to prevent permanent sensory cell loss. It expands the current medical understanding of why acquired hearing loss—often caused by aging, noise, or medications—affects individuals differently based on their biological sex.
While these findings are currently limited to preclinical mouse models, they highlight the importance of discussing any changes in your hearing with a healthcare provider. Because sensory hair cell loss is generally irreversible, staying proactive about annual hearing screenings is the most effective way to monitor your long-term auditory health.
The takeaway
Genetic factors play a significant role in how inner ear cells metabolize energy, contributing to sex-specific differences in hearing. Residents should prioritize regular hearing tests with a specialist to track their baseline hearing sensitivity over time.
Further reading
For more information on how hormonal and genetic factors influence auditory wellness, visit our Women’s Health section.
Source note: This article includes information reported by News Center.
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