Infections Caused 2.3 Million Cancer Cases in 2024
A significant share of new global cancer cases were linked to infections, illustrating the role of prevention in reducing long-term risk.
Updated on Oct. 14, 2026 in Cancer
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In 2024, infections accounted for 12% of all new cancer cases worldwide, amounting to 2.3 million cases. These findings highlight the critical impact of preventable biological pathogens on global cancer rates.
Why it matters
Understanding this link clarifies how managing specific infections can lower cancer risk. Because 75% of these cases occur in low- and middle-income countries, addressing infection rates is a key factor in global cancer prevention efforts.
A report identified that infections contributed to 2.3 million cancer cases in 2024. Key drivers included H. pylori at 760,000 cases, HPV at 750,000 cases, Hepatitis B at 360,000 cases, and Epstein-Barr virus at 260,000 cases.
The players
Human Papillomavirus
A common virus that can lead to various cancers and is preventable through vaccination.
Helicobacter pylori
A type of bacteria known to cause stomach ulcers and increase the risk of gastric cancer.
Hepatitis B
A viral infection that attacks the liver and is a known risk factor for liver cancer.
Epstein-Barr virus
A common herpesvirus associated with the development of certain types of lymphoma and other cancers.
The details
Pathogens, including viruses and bacteria, trigger cancer by damaging cell DNA or inhibiting natural cell death processes. For example, stomach ulcers caused by H. pylori drive a persistent cycle of cell damage and repair that increases malignancy risk over time. Meanwhile, vaccines like those for HPV have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing cervical cancer risk by nearly 90%.
Timeline
2024 saw 2.3 million cancer cases attributed to infections.
Health Landscape
This finding aligns with data from the World Health Organization's Global Cancer Observatory, which tracks the global burden of disease. It reinforces the shift toward focusing on infectious disease control as a primary strategy for long-term cancer prevention.
Being aware of the cancer risks associated with chronic infections like Hepatitis B or H. pylori is a valuable conversation to have with your doctor. If you are concerned about your personal risk, ask your physician about recommended screening schedules or the availability of vaccines for preventable viruses.
The takeaway
Infections are a significant, preventable driver of global cancer cases, underscoring the importance of early detection and vaccination. Ask your primary care provider which infection-related screenings or vaccines are appropriate for your health history.
Further reading
For more on the intersection of pathogens and oncology, visit the Cancer section.
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Is now a good time to ask your doctor about screening for common infection-linked cancers?
